English Quiz

English Quiz

Directions (Q. 1-10): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.

Filing and Processing an RTI application in India gives us the authority to ask our questions from the government. We may file different types of applications such as Passport delays, PF related, Life insurance, Land and Property, State and Central examinations, Defense Forces, State and Central banks, amongst others.Infact The Right to Information Act (RTI) is an Act of the Parliament of India “to provide for setting out the practical regime of right to information for citizens” and replaces the erstwhile Freedom of Information Act, 2002. The Act applies to all States and Union Territories of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir. Under the provisions of the Act, any citizen may request information from a “public authority” (a body of Government or “instrumentality of State”) which is required to reply expeditiously or within thirty days.

The Act also requires every public authority to computerize their records for wide dissemination and to pro-actively publish certain categories of information so that the citizens need minimum recourse to request for information formally. This law was passed by Parliament on 15 June 2005 and came fully into force on 13 October 2005. Information disclosure in India was restricted by the Official Secrets Act 1923 and various other special laws, which the new RTI Act relaxes.

Any citizen of India can submit a written application to the Public Information Officer (PIO) for information. Public Information Officer (PIO) is appointed by each authority, comes under The Right to Information Act (RTI). And it is the PIO’s obligation to provide information to citizens of India who request information under the Act. If the request pertains to another public authority (in whole or part), it is the PIO’s responsibility to transfer/forward the concerned portions of the request to a PIO of the other authority within 5 working days. In addition, every public authority is required to designate Assistant Public Information Officers (APIOs) to receive RTI requests and appeals for forwarding to the PIOs of their public authority. The applicant is required to disclose his name and contact particulars but not any other reasons or justification for seeking information.

The free flow of information is a must for a democratic society as it helps the society grow and retain a continuous debate and discussion among the people. But the access to information held by a public authority was not possible until 2005. Before that the common people did not have any legal right to know about the public policies and expenditures. It was quite ironical that people who voted the persons responsible for policy formation to power and contributed towards the financing of huge costs of public activities were denied access to the relevant information. Private bodies are also not within the Act’s ambit directly. Thus the Right to Information Act is a standard or scale of measurement. It is also the democratic need of especially in a country like India which happens to be the largest democracy in the world.

1. Which of the following duration is required to reply an RTI application by a body of Government?

1) Within five working days 

2) Within a month 

3) It takes atleast two weeks.

4) Both 1) and 2) 

5) None of these

2. Any citizen of India may request information in which of the following modes?

1) Electronic mail 

2) Verbal 

3) Through a written application

4) Either by 1) or 3) 

5) All of the above

3. Which of the following organisations doesn't come under RTI as given in the above passage?

1) State and Central banks. 

2) All private organisation, which are substantially funded by the Government.

3) Special protection group. 

4) A request information from LIC.

5) None of these .

4. Which of the following is NOT true in the context of the passage?

1) The Act applies to all the states of India except the state of Jammu and Kashmir.

2) The RTI act was implemented in 2005.

3) Private organisations substantially funded by the government come under the RTI Act.

4) Both 1) & 3)

5) None of these

5. Which of the following is a suitable example of the Right to Information Act (RTI)?

1) Appeal against neighbour countries

2) Ask for reducing expenses of any organisation

3) Lodging an FIR against the organisation

4) Providing prior information about an agitation.

5) None of these

Directions (Q. 6-8): Choose the word which is most nearly the SAME in meaning as the word printed in bold as used in the passage.

6. Erstwhile

1) Retarded 

2) Never 

3) Diligent 

4) Dynasty 

5) Former

7. Ironical

1) Promulgation 

2) Cynical 

3) Administrative 

4) Eradication 

5) Admitted

8. Ambit

1) Misanthropic 

2) Valued 

3) Conferred 

4) Sphere 

5) None of these

Directions (9-10): Choose the word which is MOST OPPOSITE in meaning of the word printed in bold as used in the passage.

9. Expeditously

1) Remainder 

2) Sensitive 

3) Retarded 

4) Abiding 

5) Tragic

10. Dissemination

1) Collection 

2) Scope 

3) Distribution 

4) By gone 

5) Amount

Answers:

1.2 

2. 3 

3. 3 

4. 1 

5. 5 

6. 5

7. 2 

8. 4 

9. 3 

10. 1

ENGLISH WORDS


1. Equity: The value of the shares issued by a company; the quality of being fair and impartial.

Synonyms: Value, Worth, Valuation, Fairness, Fair-mindedness, Justness

Usage: He owns 62% of the group's equity.

2. Hedge: A way of protecting oneself against financial loss or other adverse circumstances.

Synonyms: Safeguard, Protection, Shield,

Usage: Index-linked gilts are a useful hedge against inflation.

3. Predatory: Seeking to exploit others; (of an animal) preying naturally on others.

Synonyms: Wolfish, Rapacious, Greedy, Acquisitive

Usage: E-commerce sectors are strengthening their supply chains and acquiring customers with predatory discounts.

4. Ordinance: An authoritative order; a religious rite.

Synonyms: Edict, Decree, Law, Ritual, Ceremony, Sacrament

Usage: His strict observance of religious ordinances was no doubt quickened by the remorse he felt.

5. Augmentation: The action or process of making or becoming greater in size or amount.

Synonyms: Increase, Step-up

Usage: The augmentation of the curriculum with new subjects.

6. Ecstatic: Feeling or expressing overwhelming happiness or joyful excitement; involving an experience of mystic self-transcendence.

Synonyms: Enraptured, Elated, Transported

Usage: Ecstatic fans filled the stadium.

7. Ricochet: A shot or hit that rebounds off a surface.

Synonyms: Bounce back,Recoil

Usage: She was hit by a ricochet in the leg.

8. Protracted: Lasting for a long time or longer than expected or usual.

Synonyms: Continued, Drawn-out

Usage: A prominent factor cited for the proposed reshuffle is the protracted agitation by the Patel community.

9. Revamp: Give new and improved form, structure, or appearance to.

Synonyms: Renovate, Redecorate, Refurbish

Usage: Infosys revamps processes across verticals to boost productivity

10. Stringent: (of regulations, requirements, or conditions) precise, and exacting.

Synonyms: Strict, Firm, Rigorous

Usage: The NarendraModi government resolved to put in place a stringent framework to deal with black money soon after taking over in May 2014, in line with election pledges.

English Quiz

English Quiz

Directions (Q. 1-10): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.

Mercy killing is the act of killing someone painlessly especially to relieve someone suffering from an incurable illness. It is also known as Euthanasia . It came from the Greek words, Eu (good) and Thanatopsis (death), but it relates to most painful and enigmatic question for the terminally ill patients, be it Cancer, AIDS, accidental or traumatic coma, and innumerable vincurable diseases, waiting for the end to come but the end is not so easy its quite painful. The quality of life, in such a serious critical conditions is bleak, caregivers stress is also insurmountable, and the only prayer is that "DEATH" should embrace the patient in good grace for an eternal peaceful abode. In such a situation, if the death is not imminent but sure, the question arises why not the patient is artificially induced for a death, of course medically. But currently there are cases of misuse of euthanasia, for example in cases where the patient is pressured by family members to give consent to the ending of their lives. 

The legalisation of voluntary euthanasia provides an opportunity for safeguards against just such a situation, and other instances of coercion and fraud. Mercy Killing is legally punishable and religiously a sin however worst may be the condition of the patient. In addition, doctors are afraid to openly discuss end-of-life decisions with patients due to illegalities. This prevents an open and honest relationship between doctor and patient in which the doctor can discover the patient's wishes regarding his/her own life and death. That's why in every medical centre, there is statuary warning that the physicians concerned will not reveal the gender to the patient. Because most of the Indian families said to have a dislike for female child. A simple scan if reveals a viable female foetus and they presumably run for abortion, with the medical aid or illegally with the help of quacks to imperil both the lives.

The most important question is here whether the too terminally ill, with the pain which cannot be described in words, should they live waiting for the death to grace or can euthanasia be legally permitted for the embrace death with dignity. The government of India is against bringing any laws on mercy killings. The Supreme Court bench however had stated while writing the judgement -'If we leave it solely to the patient's relatives or to the doctors or the next friend to decide whether to withdraw life support to an incompetent person, there is always a risk in our country that this may be misused by some unscrupulous persons who wish to inherit or otherwise grab the property of the patient. Considering the low ethical levels prevailing in our society today and the rampant commercialisation and corruption, we cannot rule out the possibility that unscrupulous persons with the help of some unscrupulous doctors may fabricate material to show that it is a terminal case with no chance of recovery.'

1. Which of the following best describes Mercy Killing?

1) It is the homicide of a member of a family or social group or other members.
2) The unlawful killing, with malice of another human
3) It's harmful, irrational and regrettable killing of a member of a family.
4) The act of putting to death painlessly by withholding medical measures from a person suffering from an incurable or painful condition.
5) All of the above

2. Which of the following depicts the importance of mercy killing?

1) It maintains family honour.
2) Because it's inhuman to put patients through the suffering that is the direct result of their illness.
3) Its extremely secret and discrete in nature.
4) All the above
5) None of these

3. In the context of the given passage which of the following is the last option for those suffering from incurable diseases?

1) Prayer for his/her 'DEATH'
2) Assist in suicide.
3) Must be provided better treatment
4) Their relative should appeal in the Supreme Court against the law of mercy killing
5) One should stop to give food and water to a patient in vegetative state.

4. Why is the Supreme Court against the mercy killing?
1) Because it's against the religion
2) The case of suicide will definitely increase
3) It can't be legalised
4) It can be misused by scrupulous person for grabbing the property of the patient
5) It will increase the cases of harassment at work place.

5. Complete the following given sentence in the context of the passage-

Mercy killing is legally ______________ and religiously a _________________ however worst may be the condition of the patient?

1) criticised, need
2) valid, boon
3) punishable, sin
4) favourable, void
5) appreciated, pathetic situation

Directions (Q. 6-8): Choose the word which is MOST SIMILAR in meaning to the word printed in bold as used in the passage.

6. Enigmatic

1) Unexplainable
2) Known
3) Plain
4) Clear
5) Mild

7. Insurmountable

1) Beatable
2) Attainable
3) Custodian
4) Invincible
5) Excessive

8. Imperil

1) Counterfeit
2) Endanger
3) Expose
4) Flagrant
5) Risk

Directions (Q. 9-10): Choose the word which is MOST OPPOSITE in meaning of the word printed in bold as given below-

9. Caregiver

1) Dependent
2) Uncontrolled
3) Answerable
4) Nurse
5) Imposter

10. Rampant

1) Moral
2) Moderate
3) Controlled
4) Reality
5) Pretentious


Answer:

1. 4 
2. 2 
3. 1 
4. 4 
5. 3 
6. 1
7. 4 
8. 2 
9. 1 
10. 3

English Quiz

English Quiz

Directions (Q. 1 - 5): Rearrange the following seven sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F) and (G) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions given below.

A. There is a certain logic to this formula, but it is very detrimental to young and new talent.

B. If we want to encourage young talent in mainstream cinema then we need to change our economic policies.

C. With the passing of each week the theatre gets more and the producer gets less.

D. In the Hindi circuit the revenue sharing between the theatre chains and producers is a sliding scale in favour of the

theatre chains.

E. This formula benefits, big films which rake in most of their revenue in the first two weeks.

F. Currently, the dice are loaded against small films and films made by new talent.

G. But a small film releases in fewer screens and depends on word of mouth to grow.

1. Which of the following would be the 'LAST (SEVENTH)' sentence after rearrangement ?

1) G 

2) E 

3) A 

4) D 

5) C

2. Which of the following would be the 'FIRST' sentence after rearrangement ?

1) A 

2) D 

3) F 

4) C 

5) B

3. Which of the following would be the 'THIRD' sentence after rearrangement ?

1) E 

2) B 

3) D 

4) C 

5) A

4. Which of the following would be the 'FIFTH' sentence after rearrangement ?

1) A 

2) B 

3) D 

4) G 

5) C

5. Which of the following would be the 'SECOND' sentence after rearrangement ?

1) A 

2) G 

3) B 

4) F 

5) D

Directions (6 - 10) :- Read each sentence to find out whether there is any grammatical or idiomatic error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence, the number of that part is the answer. If there is 'No Error', the answer is 5). (Ignore errors of punctuation, If any)

6. 

1) The Aam Aadmi Parti convener

2) Arvind Kejriwal has shown himself to be a person of principles

3) and his all members 

4) at his back and call

5) No Error

7. 

1) A complaint of sexual assault 

2) since classified as rape 

3) filled by a woman staff member of Tehelka against Tarun Tejpal 

4) which made him eat crow

5) No Error

8. 

1) Anna Hazare who led the movement 

2) drew his credibility

3) from being viewed as a renunciate with no self interest

4) but only a deep and abiding commitment to cleanse the system. 

5) No Error

9. 

1) When Woman knows how to play to gallery 

2) then why woman needed to be protected

3) even while in her own home 

4) or in her office

5) No Error

10. 

1) Meanwhile, despite the insistence by the party

2) that the mandate was for sit in the opposition

3) the BJP reiterated its reluctance

4) to explore the possibility of forming a government

5) No Error

Answers:

(1–5) B F D C A E G

1. 1 

2. 5 

3. 3 

4. 1 

5. 4

6. 4; at his beck and call. means at his command.

7. 3; filed by a woman staff member of Tehelka against

Tarun Tejpal.

8. 5; No error

9. 1; to play to the gallery means to try to gain popular

favour.

10. 2; to sit

i

ENGLISH LANGUAGE

Directions (71-80); Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.

A spot of sunshine is all it could take to clean your clothes within minutes, as scientists, including those of Indian-origin, have developed a low-cost, efficient way to grow nanostructures on textiles that can degrade organic matter when exposed to light. The research from RMIT University in Australia paves the way towards nano-enhanced textiles that can spontaneously clean themselves of stains and grime simply by being put under a light bulb or worn out in the Sun. The process developed by the team has a variety of applications for catalysis-based industries such as agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals and natural products, and could be easily scaled up to industrial levels.

“The advantage of textiles is they already have a 3D structure so they are great at absorbing light, which in turn speeds up the process of degrading organic matter,” Rajesh Ramanathan from RMIT University said. “There’s more work to do to before we can start throwing out our washing machines, but this advance lays a strong foundation for the future development of fully self-cleaning textiles,” he said.

The researchers including Dipesh Kumar and Vipul Bansal, also from RMIT University, worked with copper and silver-based nanostructures, which are known for their ability to absorb visible light. When the nanostructures are exposed to light, they receive an energy boost that creates “hot electrons.” These “hot electrons” release a burst of energy that enables the nanostructures to degrade organic matter. The challenge for researchers has been to bring the concept out of the lab by working out how to build these nanostructures on an industrial scale and permanently attach them to textiles.

The team’s approach was to grow the nanostructures directly onto the textiles by dipping them into a few solutions, resulting in the development of stable nanostructures within 30 minutes. When exposed to light, it took less than six minutes for some of the nano-enhanced textiles to spontaneously clean themselves. “Our next step will be to test our nano-enhanced textiles with organic compounds that could be more relevant to consumers, to see how quickly they can handle common stains like tomato sauce or wine,” Mr. Ramanathan said.

71. Which of the following option(s) is/are TRUE in the context of the given passage?

i) 3D structures have ability to absorb light.

ii) Nanostructures take 36 minutes to clean themselves.

iii) We are on the verge of a new revolution in textile industry.

(a) only (i) (b) only (ii) (c) only (iii)

(d) both (i) and (ii) (e) all (i), (ii) and (iii)

72. Which of the following option(s) is/are NOT TRUE in the context of the given passage?

(i) Nano-enhanced textiles take a few fours to clean themselves.

(ii) Nanostructure textiles are cost efficient.

(iii) All the metal-based nanostructures have the ability to absorb visible light.

(a) only (i) (b) only (ii) (c) only (iii)

(d) both (i) and (iii) (e) all (i), (ii) and (iii)

73. What can be inferred from the given passage?

(a) The discovery of new textile is significant for various industries.

(b) Metals are generally good conductors of heat.

(c) We need less water for cleaning Nanostructure textiles.

(d) Three dimensional structures are not so good at absorbing the light.

(e) None of these.

74. What does the phrase ‘scaled up’ mean?

(a) To enhance the quality of something. (b) To reduce proportionally (c) To make something larger (d) To measure something (e) To reduce the scope or extent of something according to a standard.

75. Which of the following can be the title of the given passage.

(a) Soon, clothes that can clean themselves with light.

(b) Time to dump the washing machines

(c) Water conserving natural fibers

(d) Revolutionary fibers

(e) Research from RMIT University

76. According to the given passage what to you mean by Catalysis-based industries?

(a) Catal based (b) Bovine based (c) Chemical based (d) Indigo based

(e) None of these

Directions (77-78): Choose the word/group of words which is MOST SIMILAR in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.

77. Relevant

(a) Trifling (b) Diminutive (c) Harmonious

(d) Significant (e) Incompatible

78. Spontaneously

(a) Immediately (b) Eventually (c) Impromptu

(d) Improvise (e) Extemporize

Directions (79-80): Choose the word/group of words which is MOST OPPOSITE in meaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.

79. Grime 

(a) Cleanliness (b) Soot (c) Gloomy (d) Smirk (e) Grin

80. Degrade

(a) Capsize (b) Decline (c) Pique

(d) Impair (e) Strengthen

Directions (81-85): Rearrange the following six sentences/group of sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph; then answer the questions given below.

(A) Some of my most cherished memories are of my puppies fighting with cushions, the sun playing hide ’n’ seek with the clouds, or me racing for that last bite of the dessert.

(B) Photos are a return ticket to memories otherwise lost. Much like a forgotten song on the radio or a specific scent, photographs help us travel back in time.

(C) They help me smile on a bad day and laugh out loud on a good one. One thing they most certainly do is turn your home into a cosy haven of love and joy.

(D) These moments stay captured through the lens of my old Polaroid. I’ve framed them, stuck them on the refrigerator and inside cupboard doors.

(E) The most beautiful things in life are rarely just things. Instead, they are people, places, memories, and pictures – odd selfies and awkward angles included.

(F) I call myself a ‘click-happy’ person. My thumb is permanently placed on the click button, lest the crazy grin on my son’s face disappears.

81. Which of the following should be the FOURTH sentence after the rearrangement?

(a) D (b) F (c) A (d) E (5) C

82. Which of the following should be the SECOND sentence after the rearrangement?

(a) A (b) D (c) F (d) B (5) E

83. Which of the following should be the FIRST sentence after the rearrangement?

(a) E (b) B (c) D (d) C (5) F

84. Which of the following should be the SIXTH (LAST) sentence after the rearrangement?

(a) A (b) D (c) F (d) E (5) C

85. Which of the following should be the FIFTH sentence after the rearrangement?

(a) E (b) D (c) B (d) C (5) F

Directions (86-90): In each of the following sentences there are certain blank spaces. Below each sentence there are five option can be used to fill up the blank in the sentence in the same sequence to make it meaningfully complete. 

86. Bankers commanding astronomic salaries presided over a collective madness which took the global financial __________to the precipice - and has affected living standards and economic ________ around the world.

(a) order, anticipation (b) approach, survey

(c) system, prospects (d) method, anticipation

(e) process, danger

 87. Politicians appeared to be unable or unwilling either to ________high finance effectively or to punish those who had been culpably _________.

(a) control, thoughtless (b) regulate, reckless

(c) govern, mindless (d) guide, reckless

(e) adjust, thoughtless

88. Though the Indian media industry has not yet reached a crisis point _____________ to its Western counterparts, the time has come to recalibrate our own structures to ____________ a sustainable public interest information ecology.

(a) analogous, assure(b)proportional, ensure

(c)similar, insure (d)comparable, ensure

(e)parallel, assure

 89. Readers sometimes call to ask a specific question, but the discussion _________ moves on to different areas of news production and the ________ therein.

(a) universally, objection

(b)repeatedly, provocation

(c)habitually, challenges

(d) constantly, summons

(e) invariably, challenges

90. The solution to excessive campaign expenditure and a much too __________ eye on the electoral cycle is better found in _________ political leaderships to develop self-discipline and to explain to the people the need for unpopular, but necessary, decisions.

(a) centered, inducing (b) blurred, convincing

(c) motivated, prompting (d) focused, persuading

(e) fuzzy, influencing

Directions (91-95): In the following questions, a sentence has been given with some of its parts in bold. To make the sentence grammatically correct, you have to replace the bold part with the correct alternative given below. If the sentence is correct as it is, give e) as your answer (i.e. No correction required).

91. It was his view that "the attainment of human rights in the fullest sense cannot be achieved so long as hundreds of millions of poor -strickened people lack the basic necessities for life."

(a) poorly stricken (b) poverty stricken

(c) poor stricken (d) poverty strickened

(e) No replacement required

92. This training will provide you hand-on experience on any Digital Marketing disciplines.

(a) hand-on experience in various (b) handing-on experience in much (c) handed-on experience in many (d) hands-on experience in various (e) No replacement required

93. The Islamic State (IS), notoriety for it’s brutality, has reportedly executed 250 girls in northern Iraq for refusing to become sex slaves, according to a media report.

(a) notorious for its brutality (b) well known for its brutal (c) notorious for it’s brutality (d) notorious for its brutal (e) No replacement required

94. The rapid growth and popularity of taxi managed by aggregators in India is a testimony to the fact that public transport and transit facilities remain hopelessly inadequate

(a) taxi managing by aggregators within India (b) taxis managed in aggregators of India (c) taxis managed at aggregators by India (d) taxis managed by aggregators across India (e) No replacement required

 95. New claims at the Kohinoor diamond makes it’s periodic appearance in the United Kingdom.

(a) over the Kohinoor diamond makes its (b) over the Kohinoor diamond make it’s (c) over the Kohinoor diamond make their (d) about the Kohinoor diamond make their (e) No replacement required

Directions (96-100): In the following passage, some of the words have been left out, each of which is indicated by a number. Find the suitable word from the options given against each number and fill up the blanks with appropriate words to make the paragraph meaningfully complete.

Anti-slavery advocate Harriet Tubman will become the first African-American on the face of U.S. paper currency, and the first woman in more than a century, when she replaces former President Andrew Jackson on the $20 bill. The U.S. Treasury Department said on Wednesday that Tubman, __(96)__was born into slavery in the early 1820s and went on to help hundreds of slaves escape, would take the centre spot on the bill, while Jackson, a slave owner, would move to the back. Introduced alongside a __(97)__of changes to the $5 and $10 notes as well, the redesign gives the Treasury “a chance to open the aperture to reflect more of America's history”, Treasury Secretary Jack Lew said. A new $10 bill will add images of five female leaders of the women's __(98)__ movement, including Sojourner Truth and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, to the back, while keeping founding father Alexander Hamilton on the front. The reverse of a new $5 note will show former first lady Eleanor Roosevelt and civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr., officials said. Former President Abraham Lincoln will remain on the front. Mr. Lew said the designs should be unveiled __(99)__2020 and go into circulation “as quickly as possible,” although he declined to say when. He said the $10 bill was scheduled to go out first, citing security needs. The long-awaited decision to __(100)__ the seventh president of the United States with Tubman followed months of outreach by the Treasury regarding which woman should be featured on a bill.

96. (a) which (b)that (c)who

(d) what (e) she

97. (a) slew (b) wind (c) event

(d) time (e) adaptation

98. (a) suffering (b) suffer (c) suffered

(d) sufferance (e) suffrage

99. (a) at (b) by (c) in

(d) on (e) until

100. (a) put (b) change (c) print

(d) replace (e) honor.

                                                 SOLUTION 

71. (a); It is given in the third paragraph, that ‘’ The advantage of textiles is they already have a 3D structure so they are great at absorbing light, which in turn speeds up the process of degrading organic matter’’ from this we may infer that 3D structures are good absorber of light. Hence, (i) is true. According to the given passage it takes 30 minutes to prepare nanostructures and 6 minutes for the same to spontaneously clean themselves. Hence (ii) is not true. No such revolution has been discussed in the given passage, hence, (iii) is also not true. Hence, (a) is the correct option.
72. (d); It is given in the passage that nano-enhanced textiles can clean themselves in 6 minutes. Hence, (i) is not true. It is mentioned in the first paragraph that the newly developed textile is of low cost. Hence, we can infer that (ii) is true. The passage throws light on the light-absorbing property of only two metal-based nanostructures (copper and silver) but from this information, we cannot infer that all the metal-based nanostructures have the ability to absorb visible light. Hence, (iii) is also not true. Hence, (d) is the correct option.
73. (a); It is given in the first paragraph that “The process developed by the team has a variety of applications for catalysis-based industries such as agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals and natural products, and could be easily scaled up to industrial levels.’’ this sentence shows the significance of the newly developed polymer in various industries. Please note that although option (b) is a universal fact, yet it can’t be inferred from the given passage. Hence, (b) is not the correct option. According to the passage we do not need water to clean nanostructures. Hence (c) is also not true. Similarly, it is given in the second paragraph that ‘advantage of textiles is they already have a 3D structure so they are great at absorbing light.’. Hence, (d) is also not correct Hence (a) is the correct option. 
74. (c); ‘Scale up’ means ‘To make something large in size, especially a design or model’. Hence, (c) is the correct option.
75. (a); The entire passage envisages about the future polymers having the ability to clean themselves with sunlight. Option (b) cannot be the correct option as it is specifically given in the passage that ‘’ There’s more work to do to before we can start throwing out our washing machines’’ so this title is not apt. Similarly no other option sums up the given passage. Hence, (a) is the correct option. 
76. (c); The ‘Chemical based industries’ are called the ‘Catalysis-based’ industries. Hence, (c) is the correct option.
 77. (d); ‘Relevant’ means ‘closely connected or appropriate to the matter in hand.’ Hence, ‘significant’ is the word which is most similar in meaning to it. 
78. (a); ‘Spontaneously’ means ‘performed or occurring as a result of a sudden impulse or inclination’. Hence, ‘Immediately’ is the word which is most similar in meaning to it. 
79. (a); ‘Grime’ means ‘dirt ingrained on the surface of something.’. Hence ‘cleanliness’ is the word which is most opposite in meaning to it. 
80. (e); ‘Degrade’ means ‘break down’. Hence ‘strengthen’ is the word which is most opposite in meaning to it.
For questions (81-85); The correct sequence to form meaningful paragraph is EBFADC.81. (c); A82. (d); B83. (a); E84. (e); C85. (b); D86. (c); ‘system, prospects’ is the correct use. Prospects means the possibility or likelihood of some future event occurring.87. (b); ‘regulate, reckless’ is the correct use. Reckless means heedless of danger or the consequences of one's actions.88. (d); ‘comparable, ensure’ is the correct use. Comparable means able to be likened to another. Ensure means make certain that (something) will occur or be the case.89. (e); ‘invariably, challenges’ is the correct use. Invariably means in every case or on every occasion. Challenges means a call to someone to participate in a competitive situation.90. (d); ‘focussed, persuading’ is the correct use. Focussed means pay particular attention to. Persuading means induce (someone) to do something through reasoning or argument.91. (b); Replace ‘poor –strickened’ with ‘poverty stricken’. 92. (d); Replace ‘hand-on experience on any’ with ‘hands-on experience in various’93. (a); Replace ‘notoriety for it’s brutality’ with ‘notorious for its brutality’ 94. (d); Replace ‘taxi managed by aggregators in India’ with ‘taxis managed by aggregators across India’ 95. (c); Replace ‘at the Kohinoor diamond makes it’s’ with ‘over the Kohinoor diamond make their’96. (c)97. (a)98. (e)99. (b)100. (d)